How Human Eyes Work
Do you know how the human eye works? Here are some interesting facts about the human eye, which is the most fascinating but complex organ of the human body. Have you considered how human eyes adjust their tune according to the intensity of light, capture the surrounding scenery in nanoseconds even when we are continuously moving, and behave differently in bright sunlight or dim candlelight?
Human eyes are a natural, highly efficient camera that captures every detail of our surroundings. But even a minute defect in their machinery can directly impact our daily performance. Let’s learn more about the human eye and how it performs this work efficiently.
How does a human eye work?
The physical appearance of a pair of human eyes is spherical with a protective accessory eyelid. Above all, magic happens through these four sub-parts: cornea, pupil and iris, lens and retina. Here is how this mechanism works:
- At the frontline, when the human eye is exposed to surrounding light or any object, the cornea, the domed-shaped front surface of the eye, captures this light and transfers it to the pupil. The dark circular surface in the middle of the eye controls the intensity of light and allows how much light should pass through it. The pupil adjusts it with the colourful shutter named the iris. It expands and shrinks according to brightness.
- After this, the cornea and retina work to gather. The cornea focuses on the light and refracts it like multimedia on the retina’s screen to form an image. The retina uses rods and cones to change the incoming light into a flipped image. Rods help to see in low light, and cones provide colour vision and sharpness that can simultaneously detect over 10 million colours.
- After image formation, this data is changed into electric signals carried via optic nerves and sent to the brain. The brain decodes these electric signals and converts them into clear, colourful images. This delicate step-by-step process is nonstop and happens every single moment whenever we see something in our surroundings.
As we age, tear production slows down, reducing eye lubrication. This leads to dryness that may damage the vital machinery of the eyes, like the cornea and retina. Reduction in eye lubrication starts affecting vision at the age of 50.
Here is a fun fact
The eyes are the most prominent companion of our brain. It decodes almost 80% of other sensations with the help of the eyes and acts accordingly.
For example, if we eat food with disgust presentation after seeing it, our brain will act normal, but if we see it first, we will be unable to eat it and feel vomiting or bloating.
So, protect your vision, take good care of it, eat eye-friendly foods, and adjust your life routine without disturbing the comfort and health of your eyes. Last but not least, remember to go for a regular eye check-up.
LumiLab guides, webpages, and articles discussing optometry and ophthalmology are intended only for educational and informative purposes and do not serve as medical or professional advice.
The information presented, including but not limited to text, graphics, images, and other material, is for informational purposes and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
Always consult your physician, optician, or other health care professional if you have questions about your eye health or vision.
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